"The Foggy Dew" is an Irish song written by Canon Charles O’Neill, a County Down priest, in 1919 to commemorate the Easter Rising of 1916. On Easter Sunday, April 24th, 1916, in what would become known as the Easter Rising, James Connolly and Pádraig Pearse led an insurrection in Dublin against British rule of Ireland. The Irish rebel force, estimated at between 1,200 and 2,000, seized the General Post Office and other prominent governmental buildings in Dublin. However, in about a week’s time Britain’s well-trained and heavily-armed occupying force squashed the insurrection. At the time of the rising, which coincided with World War I, many (and probably most) Irish citizens did not support an armed revolt against British troops, but Irish sentiment changed drastically in subsequent weeks as British Command summarily executed all real and imagined leaders of the insurrection. Sixteen leaders of the insurrection, including Pádraig Pearse and an already badly injured James Connolly, who unable to stand was placed in a chair before a firing squad, were executed. In the eyes of the Irish people these men soon became martyrs in Ireland’s struggle for home rule. O’Neill’s song encouraged Irishmen to fight for Ireland’s freedom, rather than for the British, as so many young Irishmen were doing in World War I. The song’s noting of Suvla and Sud-El-Bar referred to sites at Gallipoli, scene of the disastrous 1915 British offensive against the Turks. The massive casualties there included Irishmen who were serving in the British Army during World War I, and Irishmen perished all across the Western Front fighting the Germans. The two leaders mentioned in the song are Pádraig Pearse who lead the rising and Éamon de Valera who was released under an amnesty in June 1917 and later became the President of Dáil Éireann and President of the Republic and, after independance, served two terms as Taoiseach (Prime Minister) and President. At his retirement in 1973 at the age of 90, he was the oldest head of state in the world. There are a few old traditional English and Irish ballads that go by the name of "The Foggy Dew". I have included two examples: "The Foggy Dew (American version)" and "The Foggy Dew (English version)". The music is from a manuscript that was in possession of Kathleen Dallat. That manuscript gives Carl Hardebeck as the arranger. It is the same air as the traditional love song "The Maid on the Mourne Shore". The song (also sometimes known as "Down the Glen") has been performed and recorded by most Irish traditional groups, including The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Dubliners, The Chieftains, Shane MacGowan and The Wolfe Tones among others. Pete Seeger recorded this song with his own lyrics, calling it "Over the Hills". Songs from Irish uprisings and rebellion in this collection are: "Bold Fenian Men" "Boolavogue" "The Boyne Water" "The Boys of Kilmichael" "Croppies Lie Down" "The Croppy Boy" "Kelly the Boy from Killane" "Kevin Barry" "The Men of the West" "The Old Orange Flute" "The Protestant Boys" "The Rising of the Moon" "The Wearing of the Green" "The Wind That Shakes the Barley"