After 1860, many Irish sang songs about "NINA signs" reading "Help wanted – no Irish need apply". (A variation was Irish need not apply, or "INNA"). The 1862 song, "No Irish Need Apply," was inspired by NINA signs in London. Later Irish Americans adapted the lyrics and the songs to reflect the discrimination they felt in America. Historians have debated the issue of anti-Irish job discrimination in the United States. Some insist that the "No Irish need apply" signs were common, but others, such as Richard J. Jensen, argue that anti-Irish job discrimination was not a significant factor in the United States and these signs and print advertisements were posted by the limited number of early 19th-century English immigrants to the United States who shared the prejudices of their homeland. Irish racism in Victorian Britain and 19th century United States included the stereotyping of the Irish as violent and alcoholic. Some English illustrators depicted a prehistoric "ape-like image" of Irish faces to bolster evolutionary racist claims that the Irish people were an "inferior race" as compared to Anglo-Saxons. The earliest printings of the song was around 1862 attributed to Kathleen O'Neil. It was also printed in Seeger's Bells of Rhymney. It was recorded by Pete Seeger and Moloney/Keane/O'Connel on Green Fields of Amerikee.